Preface
Supplements
Technology Resources
Data Sources
1. The Nature of Statistics
1.1 Statistics Basics
1.2 Simple Random Sampling
1.3 Other Sampling Designs*
1.4 Experimental Designs*
2. Organizing Data
2.1 Variables and Data
2.2 Organizing Qualitative Data
2.3 Organizing Quantitative Data
2.4 Distribution Shapes
2.5 Misleading Graphs*
3. Descriptive Measures
3.1 Measures of Center
3.2 Measures of Variation
3.3 The Five-Number Summary; Boxplots
3.4 Descriptive Measures for Populations; Use of Samples
4. Probability Concepts
4.1 Probability Basics
4.2 Events
4.3 Some Rules of Probability
4.4 Contingency Tables; Joint and Marginal Probabilities*
4.5 Conditional Probability*
4.6 The Multiplication Rule; Independence*
4.7 Bayes's Rule*
4.8 Counting Rules*
5. Discrete Random Variables*
5.1 Discrete Random Variables and Probability Distributions*
5.2 The Mean and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable*
5.3 The Binomial Distribution*
5.4 The Poisson Distribution*
6. The Normal Distribution
6.1 Introducing Normally Distributed Variables
6.2 Areas Under the Standard Normal Curve
6.3 Working with Normally Distributed Variables
6.4 Assessing Normality; Normal Probability Plots
6.5 Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution*
7. The Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean
7.1 Sampling Error; the Need for Sampling Distributions
7.2 The Mean and Standard Deviation of the Sample Mean
7.3 The Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean
8. Confidence Intervals for One Population Mean
8.1 Estimating a Population Mean
8.2 Confidence Intervals for One Population Mean When Is Known
8.3 Margin of Error
8.4 Confidence Intervals for One Population Mean When Is Unknown
9. Hypothesis Tests for One Population Mean
9.1 The Nature of Hypothesis Testing
9.2 Critical-Value Approach to Hypothesis Testing
9.3 P-Value Approach to Hypothesis Testing
9.4 Hypothesis Tests for One Population Mean When Is Known
9.5 Hypothesis Tests for One Population Mean When Is Unknown
9.6 The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test*
9.7 Type II Error Probabilities; Power*
9.8 Which Procedure Should Be Used?*
10. Inferences for Two Population Means
10.1 The Sampling Distribution of the Difference between Two Sample Means for Independent Samples
10.2 Inferences for Two Population Means, Using Independent Samples: Standard Deviations Assumed Equal
10.3 Inferences for Two Population Means, Using Independent Samples: Standard Deviations Not Assumed Equal
10.4 The Mann-Whitney Test*
10.5 Inferences for Two Population Means, Using Paired Samples
10.6 The Paired Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test*
10.7 Which Procedure Should Be Used?*
11. Inferences for Population Standard Deviations*
11.1 Inferences for One Population Standard Deviation*
11.2 Inferences for Two Population Standard Deviations, Using Independent Samples*
12. Inferences for Population Proportions
12.1 Confidence Intervals for One Population Proportion
12.2 Hypothesis Tests for One Population Proportion
12.3 Inferences for Two Population Proportions
13. Chi-Square Procedures
13.1 The Chi-Square Distribution
13.2 Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test
13.3 Contingency Tables; Association
13.4 Chi-Square Independence Test
13.5 Chi-Square Homogeneity Test
14. Descriptive Methods in Regression and Correlation
14.1 Linear Equations with One Independent Variable
14.2 The Regression Equation
14.3 The Coefficient of Determination
14.4 Linear Correlation
15. Inferential Methods in Regression and Correlation
15.1 The Regression Model; Analysis of Residuals
15.2 Inferences for the Slope of the Population Regression Line
15.3 Estimation and Prediction
15.4 Inferences in Correlation
15.5 Testing for Normality*
16. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
16.1 The F-Distribution
16.2 One-Way ANOVA: The Logic
16.3 One-Way ANOVA: The Procedure
16.4 Multiple Comparisons*
16.5 The Kruskal-Wallis Test*
Appendixes
Appendix A: Statistical Tables
Appendix B: Answers to Selected Exercises
Statistical Tables
Answers to Selected Exercises
Index
Photo Credits
