In this theoretical monograph, Edwin Williams demonstrates that when syntax is economical, it economizes on shape distortion rather than on distance. According to Williams, this new notion of economy calls for a new architecture for the grammatical system--in fact, for a new notion of derivation. The new architecture offers a style of clausal embedding--the Level Embedding Scheme--that predictively ties together the locality, reconstructive behavior, and "target" type of any syntactic process in a way that is unique to the model. Williams calls his theory "Representation Theory" to put the notion of economy at the forefront. Syntax, in this theory, is a series of representations of one sublanguage in another.

Introduction: Architecture for a New Economy 1. Economy as Shape Conservation 5 2. Topic and Focus in Representation Theory 29 3. Embedding 59 4. Anaphora 95 5. A/A/A/A 117 6. Superiority and Movement 139 7. X-Bar Theory and Clause Structure 171 8. Inflectional Morphology 199 9. Semantics in Representation Theory 239

Edwin Williams is Professor of Linguistics at Princeton University.

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