Flight dynamicists today need not only a thorough understanding of the classical stability and control theory of aircraft, but also a working appreciation of flight control systems and consequently a grounding in the theory of automatic control. In this text the author fulfils these requirements by developing the theory of stability and control of aircraft in a systems context.The key considerations are introduced using dimensional or normalised dimensional forms of the aircraft equations of motion only and through necessity the scope of the text will be limited to linearised small perturbation aircraft models. The material is intended for those coming to the subject for the first time and will provide a secure foundation from which to move into non-linear flight dynamics, simulation and advanced flight control. Placing emphasis on dynamics and their importance to flying and handling qualities it is accessible to both the aeronautical engineer and the control engineer.

Emphasis on the design of flight control systemsIntended for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying aeronautical subjects and avionics, systems engineering, control engineering Provides basic skills to analyse and evaluate aircraft flying qualities

• Preface ix (2)
  Acknowledgements xi (2)
  Nomenclature xiii
  1. Introduction 1 (10)
  1.1 Overview 1 (2)
  1.2 Flying and handling qualities 3 (1)
  1.3 General considerations 4 (3)
  1.4 Aircraft equations of motion 7 (1)
  1.5 Aerodynamics 7 (1)
  1.6 Computers 8 (2)
  1.7 Summary 10 (1)
  References 10 (1)
  2. Systems of axes and notation 11 (19)
  2.1 Earth axes 11 (1)
  2.2 Aeroplane body fixed axes 12 (5)
  2.3 Euler angles and aeroplane attitude 17 (1)
  2.4 Axes transformations 17 (6)
  2.5 Aeroplane reference geometry 23 (3)
  2.6 Controls notation 26 (1)
  2.7 Aerodynamic reference centres 27 (2)
  References 29 (1)
  3. Static equilibrium and trim 30 (25)
  3.1 Trim equilibrium 30 (9)
  3.2 The pitching moment equation 39 (2)
  3.3 Longitudinal static stability 41 (8)
  3.4 Lateral static stability 49 (3)
  3.5 Directional static stability 52 (2)
  References 54 (1)
  4. The equations of motion 55 (25)
  4.1 The equations of motion of a rigid 55 (7)
  symmetric aeroplane
  4.2 The linearized equations of motion 62 (5)
  4.3 The decoupled equations of motion 67 (3)
  4.4 Alternative forms of the equations of 70 (9)
  motion
  References 79 (1)
  5. The solution of the equations of motion 80 (33)
  5.1 Methods of solution 80 (1)
  5.2 Cramer's rule 81 (2)
  5.3 Aircraft response transfer functions 83 (6)
  5.4 Response to controls 89 (3)
  5.5 Acceleration response transfer 92 (2)
  functions
  5.6 The state space method 94 (12)
  5.7 State space model augmentation 106 (6)
  References 112 (1)
  6. Longitudinal dynamics 113 (32)
  6.1 Response to controls 113 (6)
  6.2 The dynamic stability modes 119 (2)
  6.3 Reduced order models 121 (10)
  6.4 Frequency response 131 (9)
  6.5 Flying and handling qualities 140 (1)
  6.6 Mode excitation 141 (3)
  References 144 (1)
  7. Lateral-directional dynamics 145 (32)
  7.1 Response to controls 145 (9)
  7.2 The dynamic stability modes 154 (4)
  7.3 Reduced order models 158 (7)
  7.4 Frequency response 165 (5)
  7.5 Flying and handling qualities 170 (1)
  7.6 Mode excitation 171 (5)
  References 176 (1)
  8. Manoeuvrability 177 (12)
  8.1 Introduction 177 (2)
  8.2 The steady pull-up manoeuvre 179 (2)
  8.3 The pitching moment equation 181 (2)
  8.4 Longitudinal manoeuvre stability 183 (4)
  8.5 Aircraft dynamics and manoeuvrability 187 (1)
  References 188 (1)
  9. Stability 189 (14)
  9.1 Introduction 189 (2)
  9.2 The characteristic equation 191 (1)
  9.3 The Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion 192 (3)
  9.4 The stability quartic 195 (4)
  9.5 Graphical interpretation of stability 199 (3)
  References 202 (1)
  10. Flying and handling qualities 203 (31)
  10.1 Introduction 203 (1)
  10.2 Short term dynamic models 204 (8)
  10.3 Flying qualities requirements 212 (2)
  10.4 Aircraft role 214 (5)
  10.5 Pilot opinion rating 219 (1)
  10.6 Longitudinal flying qualities 219 (4)
  requirements
  10.7 Control anticipation parameter 223 (2)
  10.8 Lateral-directional flying qualities 225 (3)
  requirements
  10.9 Flying qualities requirements on the 228 (5)
  s-plane
  References 233 (1)
  11. Stability augmentation 234 (43)
  11.1 Introduction 234 (7)
  11.2 Augmentation system design 241 (2)
  11.3 Closed loop system analysis 243 (4)
  11.4 The root locus plot 247 (6)
  11.5 Longitudinal stability augmentation 253 (7)
  11.6 Lateral-directional stability 260 (10)
  augmentation
  11.7 The pole placement method 270 (5)
  References 275 (2)
  12. Aerodynamic modelling 277 (17)
  12.1 Introduction 277 (1)
  12.2 Quasi-static derivatives 278 (2)
  12.3 Derivative estimation 280 (4)
  12.4 The effects of compressibility 284 (8)
  12.5 Limitations of aerodynamic modelling 292 (1)
  References 292 (2)
  13. Aerodynamic stability and control 294 (35)
  derivatives
  13.1 Introduction 294 (1)
  13.2 Longitudinal aerodynamic stability 294 (12)
  derivatives
  13.3 Lateral-directional aerodynamic 306 (20)
  stability derivatives
  13.4 Aerodynamic control derivatives 326 (2)
  References 328 (1)
  Appendices 329 (40)
  1. Definitions of aerodynamic stability and 329 (7)
  control derivatives
  2. Aircraft response transfer functions 336 (6)
  referred to aircraft body axes
  3. Units, conversions and constants 342 (1)
  4. A very short table of Laplace transforms 343 (1)
  5. The dynamics of a linear second order system 344 (4)
  6. Approximate expressions for the 348 (3)
  dimensionless aerodynamic stability and control
  derivatives
  7. The transformation of aerodynamic stability 351 (10)
  derivatives from a body axes reference to a
  wind axes reference
  8. The transformation of the moments and 361 (3)
  products of inertia from a body axes reference
  to a wind axes reference
  9. The root locus plot 364 (5)
  Index 369

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